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critically, this pattern was due to the insects adopting broader diets specifically in
more recent populations, which typically are found at higher latitudes.
Dr. Lancaster said: "As global warming events drive species out of the tropics and
to cooler, temperate locations, they are often forced to expand or switch up what
they eat. This is because their habitual food sources may be less readily available
or more difficult to find during the move.
"Typically ecologists have thought that latitudinal patterns of diet breadth reflect
climatic or diversity differences between tropical and temperate regions in climate
or species composition- however there was no strong reason why cooler climates
or lower species numbers in temperate habitats would lead an individual to eat
more, different kinds of things.
"This new explanation is more intuitively appealing because many people will have
had the experience of trying new things or adding different types of food to their
diet when they move to a new place. Why should animals be any different?"
"The results also have really important implications for pest or disease-vector
insect species as they colonise high-latitude regions as a consequence of ongoing
warming. The results suggest that we can expect these species to attack new
crop varieties or spread diseases among a wider variety of hosts in the new
region than they have historically targeted. This has important implications for
predicting future economic or health consequences of invading pests."
With many species currently expanding their ranges poleward, due to global
warming, the study suggests that as insects expand their populations
geographically, we should also anticipate and plan for changes to the food?and
crops?they consume.
"We have provided evidence that we can expect these (geographically) expanding
populations to also expand their resource use patterns as they shift poleward," Dr.
Lancaster added.
"For instance, poleward expanding crop pests might target a wider range of crops,
and disease vectors might transfer pathogens among a wider range of host
species, as they expand their geographic ranges under global warming.
"It is important that we anticipate such changes in host use among expanding
pests and disease vectors, and the appropriate steps to monitor and protect new
hosts if we are to protect our future food security."
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more recent populations, which typically are found at higher latitudes.
Dr. Lancaster said: "As global warming events drive species out of the tropics and
to cooler, temperate locations, they are often forced to expand or switch up what
they eat. This is because their habitual food sources may be less readily available
or more difficult to find during the move.
"Typically ecologists have thought that latitudinal patterns of diet breadth reflect
climatic or diversity differences between tropical and temperate regions in climate
or species composition- however there was no strong reason why cooler climates
or lower species numbers in temperate habitats would lead an individual to eat
more, different kinds of things.
"This new explanation is more intuitively appealing because many people will have
had the experience of trying new things or adding different types of food to their
diet when they move to a new place. Why should animals be any different?"
"The results also have really important implications for pest or disease-vector
insect species as they colonise high-latitude regions as a consequence of ongoing
warming. The results suggest that we can expect these species to attack new
crop varieties or spread diseases among a wider variety of hosts in the new
region than they have historically targeted. This has important implications for
predicting future economic or health consequences of invading pests."
With many species currently expanding their ranges poleward, due to global
warming, the study suggests that as insects expand their populations
geographically, we should also anticipate and plan for changes to the food?and
crops?they consume.
"We have provided evidence that we can expect these (geographically) expanding
populations to also expand their resource use patterns as they shift poleward," Dr.
Lancaster added.
"For instance, poleward expanding crop pests might target a wider range of crops,
and disease vectors might transfer pathogens among a wider range of host
species, as they expand their geographic ranges under global warming.
"It is important that we anticipate such changes in host use among expanding
pests and disease vectors, and the appropriate steps to monitor and protect new
hosts if we are to protect our future food security."
- 350 -
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