총 714페이지
713페이지 본문시작
karsti에 대한 첫 번째 보고이며, 이 두 병원체가 지중해 연안에서 발생한다는 사실을
확인시켜 줍니다. 지중해 지역 감귤 재배의 경제적 중요성을 고려할 때 Colletotrichum
을 모니터링할 가치가 있으며 관리 전략을 고려해야 합니다.
3. 원 문
First Report of Grapefruit Rot Caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and C. karsti in
France
P. Nodet, D. Da Lio, N. Dubreuil, A. Leboulanger, and G. Le Floch
Published Online:21 Aug 2023
https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-23-0659-PDN
Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) is a citrus hybrid tree (C. maxima × C. sinensis) recognized as a
function food for its nutritional value and bioactive compounds. French grapefruit production
is low (7.5 Kt/year), restricted to some areas in Corsica, and benefits from a quality label, so
its economic impact is locally significant. Since 2015, previously unreported symptoms have
been observed on grapefruits in more than half of the orchards in Corsica, with 30% of fruits
altered. Brown to black circular spots were observed on fruits and leaves, surrounded by
chlorotic halos on the latter. On mature fruit, lesions were round, 4 to 10 mm in diameter,
brown, and dry. Although lesions are superficial, fruits cannot be marketed due to constraints
of the quality label. Seventy-five fungal isolates were obtained from symptomatic fruits or
leaves collected in Corsica in 2016, 2017, and 2021. After 7 days on PDA at 25°C, cultures
were white to light gray, forming concentric rings or dark spots on the agar surface. There
were no notable differences among the isolates except some evolved toward a more marked
gray. Colonies tended to form a cottony aerial mycelium, and orange conidial masses appeared
with age. Conidia were hyaline, aseptate, cylindrical with ends rounded, and 14.9 ± 0.95 × 5.1
± 0.45 μm (n = 50). Cultural and morphological characteristics were similar to those for C.
gloeosporioides s. lat. or C. boninense s. lat. (Damm et al. 2012; Weir et al. 2012). Total
genomic DNA was extracted from all isolates, and the ITS region of rDNA was amplified with
ITS 5 and 4 primers and sequenced (GenBank OQ509805 to OQ509808). For 90% of isolates,
BLASTn results were 100% identical to C. gloeosporioides isolate sequences, and for other
isolates the resulting sequences were 100% identical to C. karsti or C. boninense isolate
sequences. Four strains (three C. gloeosporioides with light color differences, in order to see if
there was diversity among isolates of C. gloeosporioides s. lato; and one C. karsti) were
further
characterized
by
sequencing
partial
actin,
calmodulin,
chitin
synthase,
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and β-tubulin 2 for all strains, and glutamine
synthetase, Apn2-Mat1-2-1 intergenic spacer and partial mating type (Mat1-2) gene for C.
gloeosporioides s. lat., and HIS3 for C. boninense s. lat. (Silva et al. 2012; Weir et al. 2012;
GenBank OQ507698 to OQ507724). Multilocus phylogenetic analyses using the sequences and
- 713 -
확인시켜 줍니다. 지중해 지역 감귤 재배의 경제적 중요성을 고려할 때 Colletotrichum
을 모니터링할 가치가 있으며 관리 전략을 고려해야 합니다.
3. 원 문
First Report of Grapefruit Rot Caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and C. karsti in
France
P. Nodet, D. Da Lio, N. Dubreuil, A. Leboulanger, and G. Le Floch
Published Online:21 Aug 2023
https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-23-0659-PDN
Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) is a citrus hybrid tree (C. maxima × C. sinensis) recognized as a
function food for its nutritional value and bioactive compounds. French grapefruit production
is low (7.5 Kt/year), restricted to some areas in Corsica, and benefits from a quality label, so
its economic impact is locally significant. Since 2015, previously unreported symptoms have
been observed on grapefruits in more than half of the orchards in Corsica, with 30% of fruits
altered. Brown to black circular spots were observed on fruits and leaves, surrounded by
chlorotic halos on the latter. On mature fruit, lesions were round, 4 to 10 mm in diameter,
brown, and dry. Although lesions are superficial, fruits cannot be marketed due to constraints
of the quality label. Seventy-five fungal isolates were obtained from symptomatic fruits or
leaves collected in Corsica in 2016, 2017, and 2021. After 7 days on PDA at 25°C, cultures
were white to light gray, forming concentric rings or dark spots on the agar surface. There
were no notable differences among the isolates except some evolved toward a more marked
gray. Colonies tended to form a cottony aerial mycelium, and orange conidial masses appeared
with age. Conidia were hyaline, aseptate, cylindrical with ends rounded, and 14.9 ± 0.95 × 5.1
± 0.45 μm (n = 50). Cultural and morphological characteristics were similar to those for C.
gloeosporioides s. lat. or C. boninense s. lat. (Damm et al. 2012; Weir et al. 2012). Total
genomic DNA was extracted from all isolates, and the ITS region of rDNA was amplified with
ITS 5 and 4 primers and sequenced (GenBank OQ509805 to OQ509808). For 90% of isolates,
BLASTn results were 100% identical to C. gloeosporioides isolate sequences, and for other
isolates the resulting sequences were 100% identical to C. karsti or C. boninense isolate
sequences. Four strains (three C. gloeosporioides with light color differences, in order to see if
there was diversity among isolates of C. gloeosporioides s. lato; and one C. karsti) were
further
characterized
by
sequencing
partial
actin,
calmodulin,
chitin
synthase,
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and β-tubulin 2 for all strains, and glutamine
synthetase, Apn2-Mat1-2-1 intergenic spacer and partial mating type (Mat1-2) gene for C.
gloeosporioides s. lat., and HIS3 for C. boninense s. lat. (Silva et al. 2012; Weir et al. 2012;
GenBank OQ507698 to OQ507724). Multilocus phylogenetic analyses using the sequences and
- 713 -
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