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WageningenPlantResearchInternationalintheNetherlandsin2016.
Barbetti said he believed others had not understood the biology of the pathogen, so they
wereunabletoidentifythecause.
"It took the UWA researchers more than two years to design, make and test many
differentprimersinthelabtofinallyidentifythepathogenbehindfababeangalldisease,"
Barbettisaid.
"Wenowunderstandcriticalnewelementsofthepathogenlifecycleforthefirsttime."
Formorethanacentury,thecontrolandmanagementoffababeangalldiseasewasbased
on the wrong pathogen, Olpidium viciae, which was different in terms of its biology,
infectionandspreadstrategies.
The first appearance of symptoms of faba bean gall disease occurred when areas of the
upper leaf surface produce masses of water-splashed zoospores - a spore capable of
swimming.
These were located in specialised sunken-well structures on leaves that the pathogen
cleverlytrickedtheplantintoproducingforthesolebenefitofthepathogen.
Barbetti said management strategies couldnow be aligned with the nature and behaviour
ofthepathogen.
"Olpidium, a genus generally restricted to underground parts of the plant, does not show
above-ground symptoms and is not spread by rain splash, while Physoderma is an
above-groundpathogenprimarilyspreadbyrainsplash,"hesaid.
"Armedwiththeknowledgethatthediseaseiscausedbyapathogenthatspreadsbyrain
splash,wecannowpredictwhenthezoosporeswillbereleasedandbesthighlighttimings
forchemicalsprayapplicationstoreducereinfectioncycles."
- The research was supported by the Australian Centre for International Agricultural
Research (ACIAR) and collaborating institutions; the Ethiopian Institute for Agricultural
Research in Ethiopia, Debre Birhan Agricultural Research Centre in Ethiopia, the
InternationalCentreforAgriculturalResearchintheDryAreas(ICARDA)inMorocco,and
theNewSouthWalesDepartmentofPrimaryIndustriesatTamworth.
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