총 792페이지
137페이지 본문시작
푸아뉴기니, 솔로몬 제도, 바
누아투, 월리스푸투나, 하와이
3. 원 문
Exotic Ants of the Asia-Pacific: Invasion, National Response, and Ongoing Needs
There are currently over 60 exotic ant species in the Aisa-Pacific, with the red imported fire ant,
Solenopsis Invicta, among the most destructive.
Exotic ants, sometimes called tramp ants, are species that are inadvertently transported with cargo on
ships, trains, etc., by human trade due to their small size, general nesting habits, and opportunistic
diets, and they have the potential to become some of the worst invasive species worldwide.
14 out of the 19 most destructive invasive ant species have invaded Asia-Pacific countries. Many
exotic ants have become highly destructive and invasive in different areas of the Asia-Pacific region.
Identification of donor regions of exotic ants to the Asia-Pacific is critical for effective management
of ant invasions. Careful observations of shipping routes and consignments from regions with the
highest probability of introduction are essential to prevent ant entry and for proactive management.
Dispersal modes of exotic ants in Asia-Pacific countries (invasion routes)
The most likely modes of introduction into new countries are via sea cargo and by air. For example,
in New Zealand, the biggest entry routes during a peiods of intensive study were sea cargo (43%)
and air passengers (34%), followed by air cargo (16%) and mail (5%).
Table 1. List of main exotic ant species established in Asia-Pacific countries based on abundance,
distribution, and impacts.
Species
Common name
Origin
Distribution
Linepithema bumile Argentine ant
Argentina, Brazil
Australia,
New
Zealand,
Vanuatu,
Hawaii,
Japan,
South
Korea,
Indonesia,
Philippines,
Malaysia,
Vietnam
Ochetellus sp.
Black
household
Australia
New
Zealand,
Solomon
ant
Islands, Hawaii, China, Japan,
Borneo, Philippines
T a p i n o m a
Ghost ant
Indo-Malay
Australia, all Pacific Island
melanocephalum
countries
and
territories
(PICTs), China, Japan, South
Korea,
Southeast
Asian
countries
Technomyrmex
White-footed house
Indo-Pacific
Australia, all PICTs except
albipes
ant
American
Samoa,
Kiribati,
Northern Mariana Islands,
Tuvalu, and Vanuatu; Hawaii;
China;
Korea;
Cambodia;
Laos; Vietnam; Philippines;
Malaysia
A n o p l o l e p i s
Yellow-crazy ant
Indo-Malay
Australia, all PICTs, Hawaii,
gracilipes
China,
Japan,
Southeast
Asian countries
P a r a t r e c h i n a
Black crazy ant
Indo-Malay
Australia, all PICTs, Hawaii,
longicornis
China,
Japan,
Southeast
Asian countries
M o n o m o r i u m
Bicolored
trailing
Indo-Malay
Australia, all PICTs except
floricola
ant
Tuvalu,
China,
Japan,
Southeast Asian countries
M o n o m o r i u m
Pharaoh’s ant
Indo-Malay, Africa,
Australia; New Zealand; all
pharaonis
India
PICTs except Cook Islands,
Niue, Tuvalu, and Wallis &
- 137 -
누아투, 월리스푸투나, 하와이
3. 원 문
Exotic Ants of the Asia-Pacific: Invasion, National Response, and Ongoing Needs
There are currently over 60 exotic ant species in the Aisa-Pacific, with the red imported fire ant,
Solenopsis Invicta, among the most destructive.
Exotic ants, sometimes called tramp ants, are species that are inadvertently transported with cargo on
ships, trains, etc., by human trade due to their small size, general nesting habits, and opportunistic
diets, and they have the potential to become some of the worst invasive species worldwide.
14 out of the 19 most destructive invasive ant species have invaded Asia-Pacific countries. Many
exotic ants have become highly destructive and invasive in different areas of the Asia-Pacific region.
Identification of donor regions of exotic ants to the Asia-Pacific is critical for effective management
of ant invasions. Careful observations of shipping routes and consignments from regions with the
highest probability of introduction are essential to prevent ant entry and for proactive management.
Dispersal modes of exotic ants in Asia-Pacific countries (invasion routes)
The most likely modes of introduction into new countries are via sea cargo and by air. For example,
in New Zealand, the biggest entry routes during a peiods of intensive study were sea cargo (43%)
and air passengers (34%), followed by air cargo (16%) and mail (5%).
Table 1. List of main exotic ant species established in Asia-Pacific countries based on abundance,
distribution, and impacts.
Species
Common name
Origin
Distribution
Linepithema bumile Argentine ant
Argentina, Brazil
Australia,
New
Zealand,
Vanuatu,
Hawaii,
Japan,
South
Korea,
Indonesia,
Philippines,
Malaysia,
Vietnam
Ochetellus sp.
Black
household
Australia
New
Zealand,
Solomon
ant
Islands, Hawaii, China, Japan,
Borneo, Philippines
T a p i n o m a
Ghost ant
Indo-Malay
Australia, all Pacific Island
melanocephalum
countries
and
territories
(PICTs), China, Japan, South
Korea,
Southeast
Asian
countries
Technomyrmex
White-footed house
Indo-Pacific
Australia, all PICTs except
albipes
ant
American
Samoa,
Kiribati,
Northern Mariana Islands,
Tuvalu, and Vanuatu; Hawaii;
China;
Korea;
Cambodia;
Laos; Vietnam; Philippines;
Malaysia
A n o p l o l e p i s
Yellow-crazy ant
Indo-Malay
Australia, all PICTs, Hawaii,
gracilipes
China,
Japan,
Southeast
Asian countries
P a r a t r e c h i n a
Black crazy ant
Indo-Malay
Australia, all PICTs, Hawaii,
longicornis
China,
Japan,
Southeast
Asian countries
M o n o m o r i u m
Bicolored
trailing
Indo-Malay
Australia, all PICTs except
floricola
ant
Tuvalu,
China,
Japan,
Southeast Asian countries
M o n o m o r i u m
Pharaoh’s ant
Indo-Malay, Africa,
Australia; New Zealand; all
pharaonis
India
PICTs except Cook Islands,
Niue, Tuvalu, and Wallis &
- 137 -
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