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ITS ¼­¿­(860 bp) ºÐ¼®¿¡¼­´Â X. americanum ºÐ¸®ÁÖ¿Í 97.68%ÀÇ À¯»ç¼ºÀ» º¸¿´Áö¸¸
´Ù¸¥ Á¾ÀÇ Xiphinema¿Í´Â ³·Àº À¯»ç¼ºÀ» º¸¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ITS Áö¿ªÀÇ °èÅë¹ß»ýÇÐÀû ºÐ¼®À»
ÅëÇØ ´Ü°Ë¼±ÃæÀÇ Á¾Àº X. americanumÀ¸·Î È®ÀεǾú´Ù. ÀÚ¿¬ÀûÀ¸·Î °¨¿°µÈ Åä¾çÀ» »ç¿ë
ÇÏ¿© 4°³ÀÇ ¼­·Î ´Ù¸¥ ½ÃÀå °¨ÀÚ Á¾·ù(³ë¶õ»ö, »¡°£»ö, Èò»ö ¹× Ȳ°¥»ö)¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´Â 21°³
°¨ÀÚ Ç°Á¾¿¡ ´ëÇÑ X. americanumÀÇ ¹ø½Ä·üÀ» Æò°¡Çϱâ À§ÇØ µÎ ¹øÀÇ ¿Â½Ç ½ÇÇèÀ» ¼ö
ÇàÇß½À´Ï´Ù. ¹ø½Ä·üÀº °¨ÀÚ Á¾·ù¿Í Ç°Á¾¿¡ µû¶ó ´Þ¶óÁö´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ½À´Ï´Ù. ¼öÄ¡Àû
À¸·Î X. americanum °³Ã¼±º ¹Ðµµ´Â 'Soraya'¿¡¼­ ´õ ³ôÀº ¹Ý¸é, 'Ranger Russet',
'Manistee', 'Kennebec', 'Russet Norkotah 278', 'Modoc', 'Pomerelle Russet' ¹×
'Dakota Rose'´Â ¼±Ãæ ¹ø½ÄÀ» °¨¼Ò½ÃÄ×½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº °¨ÀÚ Ç°Á¾¿¡¼­ X. americanum
ÀÇ ¹ø½ÄÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ¿¬±¸ÀÌ¸ç ´Ü°Ë ¼±ÃæÀ» °ü¸®ÇÏ´Â µ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
3. ¿ø ¹®
Identification and reproduction of dagger nematode, Xiphinema americanum, in potato
Mankanwal Goraya, Guiping Yan, Addison Plaisance, and Zafar A. Handoo
Summary
Plant-parasitic nematodes limit potato production by feeding on roots, reducing tuber yield and
quality, and resulting in poor growth. Dagger nematodes (Xiphinema spp.) can pose a
significant threat to crop production even in low numbers. Dagger nematodes have been
reported in North Dakota, USA, potato fields. In this study, a dagger nematode species was
identified and its reproduction potential in 21 potato cultivars was evaluated. The dagger
nematode was identified as X. americanum via morphometric measurements and DNA sequence
analysis. At the molecular level, D2-D3 of 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and internal transcribed
spacer (ITS)-regions of rDNA were targeted. Sequencing data of D2-D3 (749 bp) showed 98.18%
similarity with three isolates of X. americanum. ITS sequence (860 bp) analysis showed 97.68%
similarity with an isolate of X. americanum but lower similarity with other species of
Xiphinema. The phylogenetic analysis of ITS region further confirmed the species of dagger
nematode as X. americanum. Using naturally infested soil, two glasshouse experiments were
conducted to assess the reproduction rate of X. americanum on 21 potato cultivars belonging
to four distinct market potato classes (yellow, red, white and russet). The reproduction rates
were found to vary among the potato classes and cultivars. Numerically, X. americanum
population density was higher in ¡®Soraya¡¯, whereas ¡®Ranger Russet¡¯, ¡®Manistee¡¯, ¡®Kennebec¡¯,
¡®Russet Norkotah 278¡¯, ¡®Modoc¡¯, ¡®Pomerelle Russet¡¯ and ¡®Dakota Rose¡¯ reduced nematode
reproduction in both trials. This is the first study demonstrating the reproduction of X.
americanum in potato cultivars and could be helpful to manage dagger nematodes.
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