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병원균은 이전에 베트남(Nguyen et al. 2010), 중국(Cao et al. 2019), 푸에르토리코
(Serrato-Diaz et al. 2020)의 커피에 영향을 미치는 것으로 보고되었습니다. 우리가 아
는 한, 이는 사우디아라비아에서 커피 탄저병을 일으키는 C. gloeosporioides와 C.
siamense에 대한 최초의 기록입니다. 아라비카 커피 농장의 탄저병 역학에 대한 추가
연구와 이 질병을 관리하기 위한 효과적인 전략이 필요합니다.
3. 원 문
First Report of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Colletotrichum siamense Causing
Anthracnose Disease on Coffee Trees in Saudi Arabia
Mahmoud H. El-Komy, Maha Alsubaie, Yaser Eid Ibrahim, Anwar H. Sharafaddin, and
Mohammed Ali Al-Saleh
Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) is a promising agricultural commodity in many countries including
Saudi Arabia; however, susceptibility to diseases is a major factor that directly affects its yield
and production. In December 2021, coffee trees with symptoms of anthracnose disease were
observed in Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia (17°19′00.8″N, 43°11′26.8″E), and the incidence was
55%. The affected trees showed dieback and leaf necrosis. On green and ripening berries,
slightly sunken and dark brown lesions occurred, and the berries finally became mummified.
For pathogen isolation, symptomatic tissues (4 × 4 mm) of 30 diseased branch and berry
samples were submerged in 70% ethanol for 20 s, sanitized with 1% sodium hypochlorite
solution for 2 min, then rinsed with sterile water two times, and placed on potato dextrose
agar (PDA; Scharlau Chemie, Spain). Cultures were incubated at 26°C for 8 days in the dark.
Eighteen isolates were recovered, and two representative single-spore isolates (KSU-CgM17 and
KSU-CsM42) were used for further study. PDA cultures of KSU-CgM17 had aerial white
mycelium at first, which later became gray to grayish black; light salmon to orange conidial
masses were observed on the mycelium plate surface as the cultures aged (14-day-old PDA
cultures). The colonies produced by KSU-CsM42 were off-white to gray with cottony mycelia
and grayish-white on the undersides of the cultures after 10 days at 28°C. Conidia of these
two isolates were aseptate, cylindrical to nearly straight, hyaline, and rounded at both ends.
Conidia (n = 50) measurements were 16 to 18.0 μm long × 4.8 to 6.4 μm wide for KSU-CgM17
and 12.6 to 17.5 μm long × 3.2 to 4.5 μm wide for KSU-CsM42. The microscopic and culture
features were similar to those of the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex (Weir et
al. 2012). To further identify these isolates by molecular analysis, four genomic DNA loci,
namely, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and calmodulin (CAL), beta-tubulin 2 (TUB2),
and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) genes, were amplified and sequenced
(Hu et al. 2015; Weir et al. 2012). All sequences were deposited in GenBank under accession
numbers OQ791412 and OQ791413 (ITS), OQ786847 and OQ786851 (CAL), OQ786849 and
OQ786850 (TUB2), and OQ786848 and OQ786852 (GAPDH) for KSU-CgM17 and KSU-CsM42,
respectively. A BLAST search of GenBank revealed that these pathogens were Colletotrichum
- 771 -
(Serrato-Diaz et al. 2020)의 커피에 영향을 미치는 것으로 보고되었습니다. 우리가 아
는 한, 이는 사우디아라비아에서 커피 탄저병을 일으키는 C. gloeosporioides와 C.
siamense에 대한 최초의 기록입니다. 아라비카 커피 농장의 탄저병 역학에 대한 추가
연구와 이 질병을 관리하기 위한 효과적인 전략이 필요합니다.
3. 원 문
First Report of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Colletotrichum siamense Causing
Anthracnose Disease on Coffee Trees in Saudi Arabia
Mahmoud H. El-Komy, Maha Alsubaie, Yaser Eid Ibrahim, Anwar H. Sharafaddin, and
Mohammed Ali Al-Saleh
Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) is a promising agricultural commodity in many countries including
Saudi Arabia; however, susceptibility to diseases is a major factor that directly affects its yield
and production. In December 2021, coffee trees with symptoms of anthracnose disease were
observed in Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia (17°19′00.8″N, 43°11′26.8″E), and the incidence was
55%. The affected trees showed dieback and leaf necrosis. On green and ripening berries,
slightly sunken and dark brown lesions occurred, and the berries finally became mummified.
For pathogen isolation, symptomatic tissues (4 × 4 mm) of 30 diseased branch and berry
samples were submerged in 70% ethanol for 20 s, sanitized with 1% sodium hypochlorite
solution for 2 min, then rinsed with sterile water two times, and placed on potato dextrose
agar (PDA; Scharlau Chemie, Spain). Cultures were incubated at 26°C for 8 days in the dark.
Eighteen isolates were recovered, and two representative single-spore isolates (KSU-CgM17 and
KSU-CsM42) were used for further study. PDA cultures of KSU-CgM17 had aerial white
mycelium at first, which later became gray to grayish black; light salmon to orange conidial
masses were observed on the mycelium plate surface as the cultures aged (14-day-old PDA
cultures). The colonies produced by KSU-CsM42 were off-white to gray with cottony mycelia
and grayish-white on the undersides of the cultures after 10 days at 28°C. Conidia of these
two isolates were aseptate, cylindrical to nearly straight, hyaline, and rounded at both ends.
Conidia (n = 50) measurements were 16 to 18.0 μm long × 4.8 to 6.4 μm wide for KSU-CgM17
and 12.6 to 17.5 μm long × 3.2 to 4.5 μm wide for KSU-CsM42. The microscopic and culture
features were similar to those of the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex (Weir et
al. 2012). To further identify these isolates by molecular analysis, four genomic DNA loci,
namely, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and calmodulin (CAL), beta-tubulin 2 (TUB2),
and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) genes, were amplified and sequenced
(Hu et al. 2015; Weir et al. 2012). All sequences were deposited in GenBank under accession
numbers OQ791412 and OQ791413 (ITS), OQ786847 and OQ786851 (CAL), OQ786849 and
OQ786850 (TUB2), and OQ786848 and OQ786852 (GAPDH) for KSU-CgM17 and KSU-CsM42,
respectively. A BLAST search of GenBank revealed that these pathogens were Colletotrichum
- 771 -
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